The is a 6-axle (

Bo-Bo-Bo A Bo-Bo-Bo or Bo′Bo′Bo′ (UIC classification) is a locomotive with three independent two-axle bogies with all axles powered by separate traction motors. In the AAR system, this is simplified to B-B-B. The Bo-Bo-Bo configuration is of ...

wheel arrangement In rail transport, a wheel arrangement or wheel configuration is a system of classifying the way in which wheels are distributed under a locomotive. Several notations exist to describe the wheel assemblies of a locomotive by type, position, and c ...

) DC

electric locomotive An electric locomotive is a locomotive powered by electricity from overhead lines, a third rail or on-board energy storage such as a battery or a supercapacitor. Locomotives with on-board fuelled prime movers, such as diesel engines or gas ...

type operated on passenger and freight services in Japan since 1965. A total of 308 locomotives were built between 1965 and 1979, with 52 still in service .

Variants

The class was initially divided into the EF65-0 subclass for general freight and the EF65-500 subclass for express freight and passenger use. * EF65-0: Numbers EF65 1 – 135 * EF65-500: Numbers EF65 501 – 542 * EF65-1000: Numbers EF65 1001 – 1139 * EF65-2000:

Background and history

The Class EF65 was designed by

Japanese National Railways The abbreviated JNR or , was the business entity that operated Japan's national railway network from 1949 to 1987. Network Railways As of June 1, 1949, the date of establishment of JNR, it operated of narrow gauge () railways in all 46 pref ...

(JNR) as a standard locomotive type developed from the earlier

Class EF60 The was the first Japanese second-generation DC electric locomotive type with six driven axles (classes EF60 to EF67), and the first versions used the same MT49 390 kW traction motors as the ED60 and ED61 designs. A total of 143 locomoti ...

design for use primarily on the Tokaido Main Line and

Sanyo Main Line , stylized as SANYO, is a Japanese electronics company and formerly a member of the ''Fortune'' Global 500 whose headquarters was located in Moriguchi, Osaka prefecture, Japan. Sanyo had over 230 subsidiaries and affiliates, and was founded b ...

Operations

During the JNR era, these locomotives were used for freight trains and also for passenger work - primarily hauling night trains such as the ''

Izumo Izumo (出雲) may refer to: Locations * Izumo Province, an old province of Japan * Izumo, Shimane, a city located in Shimane Prefecture ** Izumo Airport * Izumo-taisha, one of Japan's most ancient and important Shinto shrines Ships * ''Izumo ...

'' sleeping car

limited express A limited express is a type of express train service. It refers to an express service that stops at a limited number of stops in comparison to other express services on the same or similar routes. Japan The term "limited express" is a common ...

and '' Ginga'' sleeping car express.

EF65-0

The EF65-0 subclass was designed for general freight use on the Tokaido Main Line and

. 135 locomotives were built between 1965 and 1970. , all EF65-0 locomotives had been withdrawn. File:JR Freight EF65-100.jpg, JR Freight EF65 100 in original blue livery in March 2008 File:JNR EF65-114 8866.jpg, Refurbished JR Freight EF65 114 in February 2010

EF67 banker conversions

File:EF67 104 No 1 end JRF Hiroshima 20021027.jpg, Original EF67 104 in October 2002 File:JNR EF67-104.jpg, Refurbished EF67 104 in August 2009 Five 6th-batch Class EF65-0 locomotives, numbers EF65 131 to EF65 135, were converted in 1990 and 1991 to become Class EF67-100 banking locomotives for use on the "Senohachi" section of the

EF65-500

The EF65-500 subclass consisted of a total of 42 locomotives, including newly built locomotives and locomotives (EF65 535 - 542) modified from the earlier EF65-0 subclass (EF65 77 - 84) for use on overnight sleeping car services and express freight services operating at a maximum speed of . , only one EF65-500 locomotive, EF65-501, owned by JR East, remained in service.

P/F designation

Locomotives used for hauling passenger services are referred to as "P" type, and those used for freight services are referred to as "F" type. The original designations are as shown below. File:EF65-501 Takasaki-Line.jpg, EF65 501 in original ''tokkyū'' livery in February 2021 File:JRF-EF65515.jpg, Refurbished JR Freight EF65 515 in March 2008

EF65-1000

The EF65-1000 was intended for use on both passenger and freight services, and was referred to as the "PF" type. 139 locomotives were built between 1969 and 1979. , 15 EF65-1000 locomotives remained in service, operated by JR East and JR West. File:EF65-1103.jpg, Passenger EF65 1103 in original "tokkyū" livery in March 2021 File:JR Freight EF65-1061.jpg, Refurbished JR Freight EF65 1061 in February 2008

EF65-2000

There are former Class EF65-1000 locomotives renumbered from May 2012 by JR Freight to differentiate them from locomotives fitted with driving recording units mandated for operations over . , 36 EF65-2000 locomotives remained in service, operated by JR Freight. File:JRF-EF65-2091.jpg, EF65 2091 in original ''tokkyu'' livery in March 2021 File:JRF-EF65-2127.jpg, EF65 2127 in refurbished JR Freight livery in March 2021

Fleet changes

Livery variations

* EF65 9: Repainted in early-style all-over brown livery with white lettering on the side * EF65 57: Repainted in early-style all-over brown livery * EF65 105: Repainted in ''Euroliner'' livery * EF65 116: Repainted in blue with large yellow "JR" lettering on the sides and yellow bands on the cab ends * EF65 123: Repainted in ''Yuyu Salon Okayama'' livery (initially maroon, later orange) * EF65 1019: Repainted in ''Super Express Rainbow'' red livery in March 1987. Removed from service on 31 December 1997, and withdrawn on 1 September 1998. * EF65 1059: Repainted in blue with yellow front-end warning panels and large "JR" logo in July 1987. Remained in this livery until withdrawal on 31 March 2009. * EF65 1065: Experimental JR Freight livery * EF65 1118: ''Super Express Rainbow'' livery * EF65 1124: ''

Twilight Express The was a limited express sleeping car train service operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West) in Japan from 1989 until March 2015. It ran between the city of Sapporo on the northern island of Hokkaido and Osaka in south-western Honshu, ...

'' dark green and yellow livery from November 2015

Gallery

File:JRF EF659 1989 Odawara.jpg, Brown-liveried JR Freight EF65 9 in 1989 File:EF6557 E3 series R24 Niiza 20050320.jpg, JR Freight EF65 57 specially repainted in early-style brown livery in March 2005 File:Ef65 105 euroliner.jpg, EF65 105 in ''Euroliner'' livery File:JR West ef65 123 yuyusalon okayama.jpg, EF65 123 in original maroon ''Yuyu Salon Okayama'' livery File:JR West ef65 123 renew yuyusalon okayama.jpg, EF65 123 in later orange ''Yuyu Salon Okayama'' livery File:EF65 1019 superexpress rainbow.jpg, EF65 1019 in ''Super Express Rainbow'' livery File:JR-EF651059.jpg, EF65 1059 in experimental JR Freight livery File:JR Freight EF65 1065 red takamatsu.jpg, EF65 1065 in experimental JR Freight livery File:EF65-1118 Makuhari Depot 20101009.jpg, JR East ''Super Express Rainbow'' liveried EF65 1118 in October 2010 File:EF65 1124 Twilight Express 20151219.jpg, JR West EF65 1124 in ''Twilight Express'' livery in December 2015 File:JRE-EF65-1029-ORIENT-EXPRESS.jpg, JR East EF65 1029 pulling the ''Orient Express '88'' past Shinmachi Station in late 1988

Preserved examples

* EF65 1: Preserved at the

Kyoto Railway Museum The (formerly the until 2016) is a railway museum in Shimogyō-ku, Kyoto, Japan. The original Umekoji Steam Locomotive Museum opened in 1972, but was expanded and modernized in 2016, becoming the Kyoto Railway Museum. The museum is owned by We ...

in Kyoto. * EF65 5: JR Freight Ōi Depot in

Shinagawa, Tokyo is a special ward in Tokyo, Japan. The Ward refers to itself as Shinagawa City in English. The Ward is home to ten embassies. , the Ward had an estimated population of 380,293 and a population density of 16,510 persons per km2. The total are ...

(training use) * EF65 520:

Usui Pass Railway Heritage Park The is an open-air railway museum located in Annaka, Gunma, Japan. It is operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East), and was opened on 18 April 1998 on the site of the former Yokokawa motive power depot alongside the Shinetsu Main Line ...

, Gunma Prefecture * EF65 535: Originally stored at Ōmiya Works,

Saitama Prefecture is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Saitama Prefecture has a population of 7,338,536 (1 January 2020) and has a geographic area of 3,797 km2 (1,466 sq mi). Saitama Prefecture borders Tochigi Prefecture ...

, and donated to

Toshiba , commonly known as Toshiba and stylized as TOSHIBA, is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. Its diversified products and services include power, industrial and social infrastructure system ...

in Fuchu, Tokyo in March 2013 * EF65 536: Sekisui Kinzoku factory,

(cab only) * EF65 539: Privately preserved in

Gunma Prefecture is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Gunma Prefecture has a population of 1,937,626 (1 October 2019) and has a geographic area of 6,362 km2 (2,456 sq mi). Gunma Prefecture borders Niigata Prefecture and Fukushima ...

(cab only) * EF65 1001: JR Freight Ōi Depot in

(training use) File:JNR-EF65520-01.jpg, EF65 520 at the Usui Pass Railway Heritage Park in April 2011 File:EF65-535.JPG, EF65 535 at Omiya Works in May 2008

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jnr Class Ef65 Electric locomotives of Japan

EF65 The is a 6-axle ( Bo-Bo-Bo wheel arrangement) DC electric locomotive type operated on passenger and freight services in Japan since 1965. A total of 308 locomotives were built between 1965 and 1979, with 52 still in service . Variants The clas ...

Bo-Bo-Bo locomotives 1500 V DC locomotives 1067 mm gauge locomotives of Japan Railway locomotives introduced in 1965 Toshiba locomotives